Chapter 1.2 Pages 11 to 13

1) Direct democracy is distinguished by
A) representative government and the rule of law.
B) citizen decision making and majority rule.
C) power and influence.
D) political appointments and social engineering.
E) a social contract and republican government.


2) In an indirect democracy, public policies are determined by
A) consensus.
B) oligarchs.
C) religious figures.
D) representatives.
E) economic elites.


3) Which of the following is a contemporary example of direct democracy?
A) trial by jury
B) New England town meetings
C) congressional elections
D) political protests
E) the Electoral College


4) Personal liberty is most closely related to
A) freedom. B) equality. C) civility. D) fascism. E) suffrage.


5) American political culture emphasizes
A) collaboration.
B) agnosticism.
C) atheism.
D) political equality.
E) socialism.


6) The belief that authority in society ultimately rests with the people is known as
A) establishmentarianism.
B) natural rights.
C) common law.
D) popular sovereignty.
E) Hobbesian law.


7) The belief that society should be governed by certain ethical principles that are part of nature
and can be understood by reason is called
A) ethical law.
B) contract law.
C) natural law.
D) Newtonʹs law.
E) civil law.


8) A civil society
A) is ʺnasty, brutish, and short.ʺ
B) is ruled by a leviathan.
C) encourages citizens to engage in policy debates.
D) is harmful to democracy.
E) hinders a frank exchange of ideas.


9) George W. Bush has argued that the United States
A) should guarantee social, political, and economic equality.
B) should spread democracy abroad.
C) would be better off under the rule of a benevolent dictator.
D) should reduce dependence on fossil fuels by reducing economic growth.
E) should return to its isolationist roots.


10) Americans are most likely to believe that
A) politicians can be trusted.
B) presidents should have strong religious beliefs.
C) illegal immigration benefits the American economy.
D) government should avoid moderate policies.
E) Social Security should be eliminated.

Chapter 1.3 Pages 15 to 22

1) The current population of the United States is about
A) 3 million people.
B) 30 million people.
C) 300 million people.
D) 3 billion people.
E) 30 billion people.


2) Recent immigrants to the United States are most likely to be
A) Southeast Asians.
B) Irish Catholics.
C) unemployed Europeans.
D) Jews.
E) Africans.


3) The largest minority group in the United States is
A) Asians.
B) Pacific Islanders.
C) African Americans.
D) Hispanics.
E) Native Americans and Alaskan Natives.


4) Which of the following accurately describes a demographic trend in the United States?
A) The proportion of white, non-Hispanic Americans has been increasing.
B) The American population is becoming older.
C) The size of the typical American family is growing.
D) The number of children growing up in two-parent households is increasing.
E) The number of immigrants coming to America is larger than it has ever been in the past.


5) According to Samuel Huntington, Mexican immigrants pose a danger to American society
because many
A) are lazy.
B) do not have American values.
C) take jobs that Americans do not want.
D) learn English and try to assimilate with other Americans.
E) are Catholic.


6) Which of the following is a key function of an ideology?
A) to polarize the electorate
B) to help citizens make political decisions
C) to serve as a substitute for religious faith
D) to protect citizensʹ civil liberties
E) to encourage citizens to engage in civil society


7) Someone who favors a free market economy without government interference in personal
liberties is best described as a
A) conservative.
B) egalitarian.
C) liberal.
D) Christian Democrat.
E) libertarian.


8) Conservatives believe that
A) the federal government should have more power than state and local government.
B) activist government is necessary to ensure personal liberty.
C) government should only provide for defense and little else.
D) there should be little government regulation of the economy.
E) government social programs provide important safety nets for vulnerable citizens.


9) The coherent set of values and beliefs about the purpose and scope of government is called
A) political theory.
B) an ideology.
C) sociology.
D) dogma.
E) a schema.


10) Currently, Americans are most likely to consider themselves
A) liberal.
B) moderate.
C) conservative.
D) Ecofascists.
E) Libertarians.

Chapter 1.4 Pages 13-22

1) Social conservatives are most concerned about
A) human rights.
B) economic equality.
C) poverty.
D) moral decay.
E) making money.


2) Who most strongly believes that government should promote equality and provide social
services?
A) liberals
B) moderates
C) populists
D) libertarians
E) conservatives


3) Who is most likely to favor government regulation of sexual and social behavior?
A) libertarians
B) Democrats
C) moderates
D) conservatives
E) social conservatives


4) Which of the following best describes American attitudes toward government?
A) adulation
B) trust
C) awe
D) cynicism
E) civic virtue


5) In recent decades, what has happened to the faith citizens place in American institutions, such
as Congress, the press, and industry?
A) It has increased.
B) It has increased and decreased in cyclical fashion.
C) It has remained fairly constant.
D) It has fluctuated randomly.
E) It has decreased.


6) What do the authors mean when they say that Americans have a ʺmissing appreciation of the
goodʺ?
A) Americans are less likely to respect politicians and other authority figures.
B) Voters tend to look at the glass as half full instead of as half empty.
C) The size of the American population has been increasing exponentially.
D) Good things often come in small packages.
E) Americans tend to overlook the significant improvements government has made in
Americansʹ lives.


7) Who is Tom DeLay?
A) the author of the Constitution
B) the leader of the religious right
C) the former House majority leader who resigned in the wake of political scandals
D) the president of Head Start
E) the architect behind Franklin Rooseveltʹs New Deal


8) What was the most common reason citizens gave for NOT voting in 2004?
A) They did not like either candidate.
B) Polling places were open at inconvenient hours.
C) The weather was bad.
D) They did not know enough about the candidates.
E) They were too busy.


9) In the wake of the 9/11 terrorists attacks, Americans are more willing to accept
A) a lower standard of living.
B) terrorism.
C) social upheaval.
D) reduced civil liberties.
E) totalitarianism.

Sabato 1.1 Pages 4-11

1) The process by which policy decisions are made is known as
A) politics.
B) government.
C) the preamble.
D) multiculturalism.
E) Robertʹs rules.


2) How does the Constitution help ʺestablish justiceʺ?
A) The supremacy clause protects citizens from excessive government interference in
personal matters.
B) The Constitution guarantees judicial privacy.
C) The Constitution prohibits Congress from creating any court except for the Supreme
Court.
D) The Framers explicitly excluded voting rights for women, slaves, and landowners.
E) The Bill of Rights entitles accused citizens to a trial by jury.


3) Which of the following is NOT a function of government, as laid out in the Preamble to the
Constitution?
A) to secure the blessings of liberty
B) to provide for the common defense
C) to ensure domestic tranquility
D) to promote the general welfare
E) to ensure economic equality


4) Which of the following best describes Saddam Hussein?
A) He was an oligarch.
B) He was a patriarch.
C) He was a tyrant.
D) He was a democrat.
E) He was a monarch.


5) The Mayflower Compact was
A) a treaty the Pilgrims made with the Indians.
B) a social contract.
C) the first colony established by European immigrants.
D) an example of the divine right of kings.
E) the list of complaints against the Church of England that led to the expulsion of the Pilgrims.


6) Enlightenment thinkers argued that
A) God did not grant kings authority to govern.
B) government is best that governs the least.
C) reason, science, and religious tolerance hindered popular sovereignty.
D) Isaac Newton was a heretic for spreading ʺmalicious, nefarious, and dangerous lies.ʺ
E) monarchies are the most civilized forms of government.


7) The social contract theory says that
A) citizens give their consent to be governed.
B) civil contracts can be enforced by the government.
C) every society determines its own set of laws and moral codes.
D) by virtue of their social position, some citizens are more valuable than others.
E) governments can not interfere with the free market.


8) According to Hobbes, humanʹs natural state is
A) bliss.
B) cooperation.
C) philanthropy.
D) generosity.
E) war.


9) Locke argued that a major responsibility of governments is to protect
A) elected officials.
B) human dignity.
C) economic equality.
D) private property.
E) the people from themselves.


10) The Declaration of Independence claims a right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
The phrase can be most directly attributed to the ideas of
A) Aristotle.
B) Machiavelli.
C) Newton.
D) Locke.
E) Hobbes.

The 2012 Election Matters

‎14.2 Pages 515 to 521

1) In a political campaign, ________ usually announces good news and ________ usually
announces bad news.
A) the press secretary; the communications director
B) the candidate; the press secretary
C) the policy director; the campaign manager
D) the chair; the campaign manager
E) the Democratic candidate; the Republican candidate


2) In 2004, which campaign was especially effective in using the Internet for fundraising?
A) George W. Bush
B) John Kerry
C) Howard Dean
D) John Edwards
E) Dennis Kucinich


3) Who is George W. Bushʹs personal adviser and the mastermind behind his presidential
victories in 2000 and 2004?
A) Ken Mehlman
B) Marc Raciot
C) Kelly McCullough
D) Joe Trippi
E) Karl Rove


4) In the United States, negative campaigning is
A) ineffective.
B) a relatively new phenomena.
C) a function of the television age.
D) a modern phenomena that began around 1960.
E) a political tactic that has been around since the founding.


5) One way of counteracting an anticipated campaign attack by your opponent before the attack
is even launched is
A) proactive advertising.
B) inoculation advertising.
C) a first-strike strategy.
D) a defensive posture.
E) mutually assured destruction.


6) In covering campaigns, the news media are most likely to focus on
A) the candidatesʹ issue positions.
B) the pros and cons of various public policy options for society as a whole.
C) the candidatesʹ performances in previous elected positions.
D) polling.
E) issues of concern to young voters.


7) The advent of new media heavily reliant on computer technology has enabled campaigns to
give prompt and informed responses to changes in the political environment. This is known
as
A) battle bots.
B) the nuclear option.
C) going public.
D) rapid response.
E) straight talk.


8) Since the advent of the new media, citizens can log onto a candidateʹs Web site and engage in
a nearly contemporaneous exchange of ideas with other supporters and with the candidateʹs
Internet team. What is this new technology called?
A) email
B) imagined communities
C) blogs
D) social capitalism
E) wikis


9) Which of the following is true concerning how the campaigns attempt to influence their media
coverage?
A) Campaigns attempt to inundate the press with access to the candidate.
B) Campaigns try to avoid speaking in sound bites.
C) Campaigns try to persuade the media to cover their gaffes.
D) Campaigns avoid spinning campaign events so as not to be perceived as browbeating
reporters.
E) Campaigns try to get the campaignʹs message out by using talk shows and comedy
programs.


10) The 2004 presidential debates
A) spurred Bush to a temporary lead in the polls.
B) altered the results of the election.
C) increased knowledge about the candidates.
D) were boycotted by George W. Bush.
E) were boycotted by John Kerry.

13.4 Pages 485 to 497

1) When compared to the U.S. population as a whole, which of the following groups is most
underrepresented at the indicated national convention?
A) those with advanced degrees at the Democratic convention
B) the wealthy at the Democratic convention
C) women at the Democratic convention
D) minorities at the Republican convention
E) minorities at the Democratic convention


2) The 1968 Democratic National Convention was thrown into turmoil over the Vietnam War. As
a result, the Democratic Party
A) took steps to increase the influence of party leaders.
B) took steps to make the convention more broadly representative.
C) toned down the hype associated with their convention.
D) no longer permits young Democrats to serve as delegates.
E) must receive advance clearance from the president to hold a convention during wartime.


3) How did the Twelfth Amendment change the Electoral College?
A) It mandates a direct popular election for president.
B) If there is no majority winner in the Electoral College, the Senate will select the president.
C) The Electoral College conducts separate elections for president and for vice president.
D) It mandates that electors vote for a president and a vice president from the same state.
E) It creates a separate College of Electors to select the president if there is no majority
winner.


4) How is the president selected if no candidate receives a majority of votes in the Electoral
College?
A) The Supreme Court selects the president.
B) A joint session of Congress selects the president.
C) The winner of the popular vote becomes president.
D) The House selects the president.
E) The Senate selects the president.


5) There have been several proposals for changing the Electoral College. How would the
proposed congressional district plan work?
A) States would award their electoral votes to the winner of the national popular vote.
B) It would abolish the incentives for faithless electors.
C) Candidates would receive electors according to how many congressional districts they
won. The statewide winner would receive two additional electors.
D) The Electoral College would be required to vote for the winner of the popular vote,
regardless of who received the most votes in their state.
E) Each member of Congress would appoint one elector, resulting is an Electoral College
that was broadly representative of the preferences of the country as a whole.


6) Which of the following contributes to the incumbency advantage?
A) constituency service
B) federally funded reelection bids
C) scandals
D) the ability to donate unlimited money to incumbentsʹ campaigns
E) Incumbents can use taxpayer money to pay for their campaign ads.


7) What is the ʺscare offʺ effect?
A) Incumbents sometimes decide not to seek reelection because the fundraising
requirements are daunting.
B) Incumbents sometimes decide not to seek reelection because they can make more money
in the private sector.
C) High-quality challengers are less likely to run against an incumbent.
D) Voters tend to avoid incumbents who are involved in a scandal.
E) Voters tend not to vote when they donʹt like either of the candidates.


8) What is gerrymandering?
A) redrawing district lines for partisan gain
B) supporting one candidate in the primary and another in the general election
C) voting for a candidate who is more likely to win in the general election, even though she
is not your preferred candidate
D) sending mail to your constituents at taxpayer expense in order to boost name recognition
E) when members of Congress vote for nonbinding resolutions in order to increase their
Popularity


9) The outcome of the 2006 midterm congressional elections can best be understood in terms of
A) the coattail effect.
B) the sixth-year itch.
C) the bandwagon effect.
D) the ʺscare-offʺ effect.
E) the Ted Kennedy effect.


10) All of the following contributed to Republican losses in the 2006 congressional elections
EXCEPT
A) scandals
B) accusations of corruption
C) George W. Bushʹs low approval ratings
D) the situation in Iraq
E) near-record lows in the stock market